Journal Entry #_ “Nationalism and Development”
Economic Liberalism of the late 19th and early 20th centuries was rejected as a model of development by the vast majority of countries of the Third World. Nationalism took its place. Specifically, economic nationalism. This model of development would hold sway until about 1982 when it runs out of steam. Among other changes, this new model of development sought to:
See the accompanying short articles: “Nationalism and Development” by Nelson Werneck Sodre and “An Early Statement of Economic Nationalism” by Alberto Torres.
Relate to my lectures
“Imperial Expansion and the Export Age”,
“The Liberal Order Overturned: The Mexican Revolution,” and
“The Rise of Economic Nationalism in the Third World and its Consequences for U.S.-Latin American Relations: Case Study- Mexico”
Then read Chasteen’s ch. 8 “Nationalism” and answer the following Discussion Questions. In each case, go beyond the mere article and give me examples from the lectures and readings. Show complexity!
“Nationalism and Development” by Nelson Werneck Sodre
1. Where do the ideas about economic nationalism come from? (i.e. they are being generated in response to what sort of things?)
2. According to the Sodre, why, specifically, is nationalist economic development necessary for countries such as Brazil? Be sure to bring the example of Mexico since Mexico leads the way.
3. What is old (or wrong) about the previous economic model of development (the Liberal, export-led model of the 19th century)? Give examples from your readings.
4. What is new about this new economically nationalist model? (It will also be referred to as ISI- Import Substitution Industrialization- because one of the goals of states in the 20th century will be to build national industry, i.e. to “substitute” previously “imported” “industrial” goods with nationally produced goods) Why is this important?
5. In this new model, what should be the new role of the state?
“An Early Statement of Economic Nationalism” by Alberto Torres
6. What does Torres mean by “our nation has renounced its own heritage”? In what ways is this “dangerous” for nations? Give me examples drawn from your readings.
7. What does he think of the prevailing economic ideas of the time? (Economic Liberalism, Laissez Faire policies, etc…)
8. What becomes of local governments in this era of Liberalism? Give me examples, i.e. the governments of Honduras, Cuba, Guatemala…
9. What must nations do to become free? Why does he advocate economic nationalism as a solution?
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